The development of winter wheat varieties with high productivity and adaptability to unfavorable environmental factors is the main task of breeding. One of the ways to increase the efficiency of material and technical resources is to use plant varietal potential. Varieties have different traits and properties, genetic potential for productivity, reactions to growing conditions, and adaptive properties, so they differ in terms of yield and product quality. The main indicators that determine the grain yield of winter wheat are plant density and productive stem, length and graininess of the ear, grain weight per ear, and weight per 1000 grains.

The experiments were conducted during 2020–2023 in the fields of breeding crop rotation of the winter wheat breeding laboratory of the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat. The material for the research was 30 hybrid combinations created as a result of a full diallel crossing scheme (6/6) of soft winter wheat varieties, carriers of wheat-rye translocations ‘Ekspromt’, ‘Zolotokolosa’, ‘Kolumbiia’ (1AL.1RS), ‘Kalynova’, ‘Svitanok Myronivs’kyi’, ‘Lehenda Myronivs’ka’ (1BL.1RS). The hybrid combinations were divided into four groups according to the use of WRT carrier varieties in crosses: 1AL.1RS/1AL.1RS; 1BL.1RS/1BL.1RS; 1AL.1RS/1BL.1RS; 1BL.1RS/1AL.1RS.

According to the results of the analysis of F₂ and F₃ plants in 2020, the degree of positive transgression for the trait «length of the main spike» was observed in 53.3% and 36.7% of hybrids. In F₂, the maximum degree of transgression was observed in the combinations ‘Zolotokolosa’ / ‘Svitanok Mironivskyi’ (72.7%) and ‘Kalynova’ / ‘Ekspromt’ (18.2%) in the crossing groups 1AL.1RS / 1BL.1RS and 1BL.1RS / 1AL.1RS; in F₃ – ‘Kalynova’ / ‘Zolotokolosa’ (14.8%) and ‘Zolotokolosa’ / ‘Kalynova’ (11.1%) hybrid combination with the participation of varieties in which both (1AL.1RS, 1BL.1RS) introgressed components are also present.