The success of in vitro cultivation of plant cells, tissues, and organs is fundamentally determined by the composition of the nutrient medium. The hydrogen ion concentration (pH) significantly affects the structural formation and catalytic activity of proteins and enzymes.

The bioavailability and assimilation of nutrients by plants are directly contingent upon the acidity or neutrality of the substrate. Highly acidic or alkaline conditions restrict the solubility of essential elements, such as phosphorus and iron, thereby hindering the physiological development of plants in vitro.

Concurrently, under conditions of increased acidity, certain substances transition into a soluble state, potentially reaching phytotoxic levels for the explants.

The aim of the article is to investigate the influence of the pH level on the biometric parameters of various species of the genus Sorghum in in vitro culture.