Остання редакція: 2020-09-10
Тези доповіді
Purpose. Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) is the most specific, indispensable and most expensive raw material for brewing. Due to the presence of unique bioactive components, hops are also used in the food, medical and pharmaceutical industries.
Methods. In order to study the characteristics of seed propagation studied the productivity and germination of seeds. In order to characterize seed productivity, the following indicators were taken: potential seed productivity (PNP) and actual seed productivity (TNP). Studies were conducted on plants in Transcarpathia.
Results. Hops is a common perennial herbaceous dioecious vine with a fleshy rhizome. Male flowers are collected in panicles and placed in the axils of the leaves. Females are covered with a wrapper and form inflorescences similar to cones. Cones are the most valuable part of hops due to the presence of a complex of specific resins, polyphenolic compounds, essential oils and biologically active substances that have not only flavor and aroma, but also antibiotic, antioxidant and medicinal properties. It was found that individuals have a lower TNF than PNP. This is due to the fact that plants during budding, flowering and maturation of the plant are affected by weather conditions, insect pests and various diseases. Another important characteristic of seed propagation is seed germination. There is a low ability to germinate seeds in the first year of harvest. In the second year, seed germination is better, especially in stratified. The weak germination of non-stratified seeds is due to the fact that it is covered with a hard shell, which is impregnated with resinous substances. This prevents water from entering the seeds and delays its germination. After stratification, the seed coat collapses and germination conditions improve.
Conclusions. Hops has a high additional productivity, but the seeds are characterized by low germination, so when sowing it is necessary to carry out additional stratification.