At the Experimental Station of Bast Crops of the Institute for agriculture of Northeast of NAAS, there are created and maintained national collections of flax and hemp in volume respectively in 1348 and 490 accessions. On the basis of the collections, created new high fiber varieties of flax: Charivnyi, Glukhovskyi Yubileynyi, Glinum, Glazur, Globus, Gladiator, Esman’, Siversky and high monoecious non-narcotic varieties of hemp: YUSO 31, Gliana, Glera, Viktoria, Glesiya, Glukhovskiye 51, Zoryana, Nika, Zolotonoshskiye 11, Zolotonoshskiye 15 and others. There are formed and registered in the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine two basic, fife trait, fife working collections of fiber crops. There are created passport database for 1329 flax accessions, 490 - hemp; database for morphological traits of plants on 557 flax accessions. Methodical instructions for study collections of flax and hemp are worked out. Results of the study collection accessions are presented in the of 11 catalogues and two classifiers. Long-term preservation of seeds of 1715 bast crops gene pool accessions is carried out in the National Repository. At the Experimental Station, seed of 450 hemp accessions of doublet collection is being stored at minus 18 ° C.