Production requires stable, environmentally plastic and highly productive wheat varieties. Breeding seeks to create varieties that have high productivity, salt tolerance, immunity, winter hardiness and drought tolerance. With modern cultivation technologies and increasing potential productivity of varieties, the size and quality of the crop are increasingly dependent on unregulated environmental factors.

If a variety does not have plasticity with respect to a wide range of soil and climatic conditions, then it cannot withstand the action of various biotic and abiotic stresses. An adaptive variety is ecologically plastic and adapted to all external environmental factors, which is the most important task of breeding in creating agroecological wheat varieties.

Identification of mechanisms of plant resistance and adaptation to adverse factors opens up broad prospects for the development of breeding and biotechnology. In the fight against wheat diseases, the selection of disease-resistant varieties is the most effective method. The introduction of varieties with group resistance to diseases into production is equivalent to an increase in sown areas by 15–20%.

The most important stages of selection for immunity are the search, creation and use of resistant starting material. In order to identify effective sources of resistance to the pathogens of the most common diseases (Fusarium (F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. oxysporum, F. Sporotrichoides etc.), Tilletia caries, Blumeria graminis f. sp. Tritici, Puccinia triticina, Septoria tritici etc.), for many years, breeders have been assessing the resistance of wheat varieties from different breeding centers of Ukraine on separate artificial infectious backgrounds of these pathogens.