Розмір шрифту: 

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., genome AABBDD, 2n=42) and jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host, genome CCDD, 2n=28) are genetically related species. Both species share the D-genome, allowing their hybrids easily to form under natural and controlled environments. The objective of our study was to produce hybrids between  Aegilops cylindrica and Triticum aestivum for testing crossability in these hybrid combinations under field conditions of Azerbaijan.

The intergeneric controlled crosses were performed in 2016 at the Absheron Research Station of Genetic Resources Institute of ANAS (Azerbaijan). They involved the 3 genotypes from both Aegilops cylindrica (#40, #41, #43) and Triticum aestivum (“171ACS”, “172ACS” and “624/1AO”). All the mentioned genotypes of goatgrass used as male plants in the crosses are originated and collected from the different regions of Azerbaijan (#40 is from Nakhchivan AR ( the landlocked Azerbaijani exclave, located in the southwestern part of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains), #41 - from Lerik (southern Azerbaijan, occupies the location in the Talysh Mountains, a northwestern subrange of the Alborz (Elburz) mountain range), #43 – from Gobustan (eastern part of Azerbaijan, occupies the south-eastern spur of the Great Caucasian Range)). The bread wheat genotypes used in our crosses as female parents obtained locally and stabilized as the derivatives of triticale-wheat hybridization {Aegilotriticale [(T. durum Desf. × Ae. tauschii Coss.) × Secale cereale L. ssp. segetale Zhuk.] × T. aestivum L. ‘Chinese Spring’} (2n = 42, genome AABBDD) in previuos research works (Aliyeva, Aminov, 2013) and 624/1 AO v.lutescens. The emasculation and pollination of the employed genotypes in the field were carried out during the months of April-May 2016. No embryo rescue or hormone treatment was applied for the production of F₀ seeds. The seeds were collected from mature spike in the months of June-July and the crossability of the used genotypes in each hybrid combination was calculated as the percentage of F₀ seeds obtained relative to the number of florets pollinated for that cross. All of the derived hybrid seeds were germinated in Petri dishes and the obtained seedlings were transplanted into an experimental field for further investigations. Cytogenetic study of meiosis in F₁ was carried out according to the standard methods. Pollen mother cells (PMCs) for studies of meiotic chromosome behavior were prepared by means of the standard Carnoy fixative and acetocarmine squash method. Absheron Research Station is located in Absheron Peninsula, which is situated on the western coast of the Caspian Sea in the south-western extremity of the Great Caucasus mountain ridge. The climate here is the temperate semi-arid climate with warm and dry summers, cool and occasionally wet winters, and strong winds all year long. The average annual air temperature is +14,2°C, in January +3,4 °C, in July +25,2 °C. The peninsula is the most arid part of Azerbaijan (precipitation here is around or less than 200 mm a year). The majority of the light annual precipitation occurs in seasons other than summer, but none of these seasons are particularly wet. The natural vegetation of the Absheron Peninsula is dry steppe and semi-desert. Soils are formed of sandy-clayey and limestone rocks and their salinity type is chloride.